Jubail City Profile

Introduction

Al Jubail, industrial city and port city in Saudi Arabia, located in Ash Sharqiyah Province on the Arabian Gulf coast, 100 km (60 mi) northwest of Ad Dammam. A planned industrial city, Al Jubayl contains an oil refinery, a steel mill, and one of the world's largest desalination plants, which also generates electric power. In addition to refined oil products and steel, petrochemical products such as plastics and fertilizers are manufactured and exported. Other industries were created to manufacture consumer goods and support the activities of the primary oil- and gas-based ventures. Al Jubayl is one of Saudi Arabia's most important ports.

Jubail is a major industrial city custom built over the last decade as a location for major primary & secondary industries including steel mills, refineries, petrochem complexes. It is also a major seaport and naval base.

This massive industrial complex on the Arabian Gulf, along with Yanbu, its twin on the Red Sea, stands as a symbol of the government's vision of Saudi Arabia's future development. The Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu was established to plan and administer all installations in these two "cities." An ancient center of the Eastern Province and a caravan junction, the city of Jubail was famed for pearling. Located near the oil producing area, it was found suitable as the site of the world's largest petrochemical complex.

The main projects in Jubail as well as Yanbu supervised by SABIC are the following:

• The Saudi Iron and Steel Company (Hadeed)
• The Saudi Methanol Company (Al-Razi)
• The Jubail Fertilizer Company (Samad)
• The Jubail Petrochemicals Company (Kemya)
• Saudi Petrochemicals Company (Sadaf)
• The National Methanol Company (Ibn Sina)
• The Arabian Petrochemicals Company (Petra-Kemya)
• The Oriental Petrochemicals Company (Sharq)
• The National Industrial Gas Company (Gas)
• The National Plastics Company (Ibn Hayyan)
• The Saudi-European Petrochemicals Company (Ibn Zahr)
• The Saudi Chemical Fertilizer Company (Ibn Al-Bitar)

SABIC's investment in these projects amounts to SR33.5 billion. The Saudi Consolidated Electric Company (SCECO) supplies Jubail Industrial City with 6,000 megawatts of electricity. Communication links within the Kingdom and abroad have been effected through microwave axial cables and a telex network.

Education in Jubail Industrial City

The Institute of Royal Commission for the Development of Human research trains its students in scores of skills that fill the needs of its industries. The Institute enrolls 650 students annually in its lecture halls, training classrooms and fully equipped laboratories. It provides residential quarters for students and professors alike. As a more basic level, there are kindergartens, general schools and language schools where Arabic is taught to non-native speakers at a pre-secondary level. To cope with the special nature of the industrial cities, the Royal Commission prepares tailored syllabi for its students, which reinforces the Syllabi issued by the ministry of education.

Jubail industrial city has been divided into five zones:

 

	The Industrial Zone has nineteen main factories with 136 ancillary installations, and produces steel, aluminum, plastic and fertilizers under the supervision of the Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC). This zone covers an area of 8,000 hectares, or approximately eighty kilometers. In catering to diverse needs, SABIC leases fully developed and fully equipped industrial sites at nominal rents.
	The Residential Area is composed of eight localities built on an adjacent island linked to the mainland. There are 40,000 inhabitants. The area has the capacity to accommodate 375,000 people in modern up-to-date houses.
	The Airport Area, covering an area of 250 kilometers, has the capacity to receive all types of aircraft and handles the transportation of passengers and freight.
	The Picnic Zone, situated to the West of the industrial zone, covers an area of 204 kilometers. To the residents of the city, it is an invaluable recreation area. It encompasses verdant sites, playgrounds and facilities for water sports. The zone is set among abundant trees and rare plants.
	Al-Batwah Island is affiliated with Jubail Industrial city. A picnic site with a park and a zoo, it features plant nurseries, fishing sites and a marina.

Health care in Jubail

The Royal Commission has established hospitals, primary care clinics (10), centers for environmental health, vocational health, health awareness and training schools for first-aid and epidemic control. Juwailan hospital in Jubail, with its 200 beds, is capable of dealing with all aspects of health care. Fully computerized, it contains specialist dietary and alternative medicine clinics in addition to quarantine wards. The medical needs of the community can be said to be fully covered.

King Fahd Industrial Port

Jubail has a complex of ports for different import and export needs. The largest is King Fahd Industrial Port, situated north of the industrial corridor. Nine kilometers in length, it is made up of nine berths, two storage yards and numerous service platforms. It contains a marine loading station for tankers that is four kilometers in length. A berth is reserved for petrochemical products and one station for the loading and unloading of iron ore.

Jubail - Pearl Beach

Pearl Beach is a private compound / beach area across the road from Blue Reef Divers in Jubail. Dives can be arranged through Blue Reef Divers. This site has many fish, some large, but it is currently being plagued by local construction and resulting weak visibility. The depth is quite shallow, with a maximum of about 20 feet, but the coral outcropping, about 100 meters out has a good number of colorful fish and a reef that's trying to survive the local construction.

Jubail Industrial City

The Jubail industrial city is one of the most modern and biggest industrial complexes in Asia. Construction operations in the city were stepped up in 1975; the latest technologies were used in building it to be a modern industrial city. Jubail industrial comprises a group of major companies which produce petrochemicals, chemical fertilizers, industrial gases, steel, iron and oil. Jubail industrial city has been divided into five zones:

	The Industrial Zone has nineteen main factories with 136 ancillary installations, and produces steel, aluminum, plastic and fertilizers under the supervision of the Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC). This zone covers an area of 8,000 hectares, or approximately eighty kilometers. In catering to diverse needs, SABIC leases fully developed and fully equipped industrial sites at nominal rents.
	The Residential Area is composed of eight localities built on an adjacent island linked to the mainland. There are 40,000 inhabitants. The area has the capacity to accommodate 375,000 people in modern up-to-date houses.
	The Airport Area, covering an area of 250 kilometers, has the capacity to receive all types of aircraft and handles the transportation of passengers and freight.
	The Picnic Zone, situated to the West of the industrial zone, covers an area of 204 kilometers. To the residents of the city, it is an invaluable recreation area. It encompasses verdant sites, playgrounds and facilities for water sports. The zone is set among abundant trees and rare plants.
	Al-Batwah Island is affiliated with Jubail Industrial city. A picnic site with a park and a zoo, it features plant nurseries, fishing sites and a marina.

King Fahd Commercial Port

The Jubail Commercial Port functions as a commercial and industrial port. Fifty miles [80 km] north of Dammam, the Commercial Port is famous for fishing and pearl harvesting. The Port has modern equipment for loading and unloading, 125 storage hangars and a control tower 170 feet [52 m] high. In 2000/2001, the volume of cargo handled was 2,145,676 tons.

The Jubail based King Fahed commercial port was set up with the aim of exporting petrochemical products, steel, iron, chemical fertilizers and other products worldwide. Besides, the port at Ras Tanura is exclusively used to export crude oil and its derivatives. Ras Tanura has one of the biggest oil refineries in the world.

Transforming the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from a raw material exporter to a gas/oil industrial producer led to the construction of King Fahad Industrial Port in Jubail, starting in 1974. Being located adjacent to Jubail Industrial City, the port was designed for importing raw materials required by local industries, also for the export of the industrial products such as Petrochemicals, Refined Petroleum Products, Chemical Fertilizers and Sulphur.

Jubail & Yanbu: The East-West Pipeline

As part of the Kingdom's determination to optimize its energy resources, the Royal Commission for Jubail & Yanbu implemented a two stage project to conserve and then exploit the Kingdom's enormous reserves of natural gas in the eastern region.

First, the Royal Commission established a vast network to gather and process natural gas in the industrial city of Jubail.

Then it proceeded with the construction of a double pipeline, running from east to west across the Kingdom to transport oil and gas from Jubail to Yanbu in order to supply energy for the many industrial projects which Yanbu undertook and to facilitate the export of these energy products from the Red Sea coast. The pipeline which runs for 730 miles (1,170 km) was completed in 1982.

This massive industrial complex on the Arabian Gulf, along with Yanbu, its twin on the Red Sea, stands as a symbol of the government's vision of Saudi Arabia's future development. The Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu was established to plan and administer all installations in these two "cities." An ancient center of the Eastern Province and a caravan junction, the city of Jubail was famed for pearling. Located near the oil producing area, it was found suitable as the site of the world's largest petrochemical complex.

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